Side of traditional Chinese medicine (103) and gastric Perilla cold

History of botany

Basil plant application in China, nearly 2000 years of history, is mainly used in pharmaceutical, oil, spices, food, etc., laid (Sue) leaves, stems (su), fruit (Perilla) can be used as a medicine, leaves can be eaten raw, make soup, stem leaf can be flooded stains. In modern times, Perilla because of their special active substances and nutrient composition, become a kind of highly the multipurpose plants of the world's attention, a high economic value. Russia, Japan, South Korea, the United States, Canada and other countries to a large number of commercial Perilla plants grow and develop the edible oil, medicine, flooded stains products, cosmetics and so on dozens of Perilla.

Morphological characteristics

Basil is annual erect herb plants. 0.3 2 m tall, stems green or purple, blunt four prismatic, four grooves, densely pilose. Ye Kuo ovate or rounded,

7 to 13 cm long, 4.5 to 10 cm wide, apex acute or acuminate, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin coarsely serrate on the base of above, membranous or grass, green or purple, or just below the purple, puberulous above, the following was born pilose, lateral veins 7-8 pairs, located in the lower part is a bit close, inclined to rise, with midrib slightly raised above the following obvious protuberant, color is a bit light; Petiole 3-5 cm, back flat, densely pilose.

Round umbrella inflorescence, 2 of 1.5-15 cm long, densely pilose, to one side of the altar and apical raceme; Bracts ovoid or suborbicular, wide width of about 4 mm, apex with short, outside is reddish brown glandular dots, glabrous, margin membranous; Pedicels 1.5 mm, densely villous. Calyx bell-shaped, 10 pulses, ca. 3 mm long, straight, lower pilose, with yellow glandular dots, inside throat have thin soft meyeri, increase the results, to 1.1 cm long, horizontally or drooping, base side swelling, calyx eaves two lip, upper lip wide, 3 teeth, the tooth is small, lower lip slightly longer than upper lip, 2 teeth, teeth lanceolate. Corolla white to purple, 3-4 mm long, slightly pilose on slightly outside, inside at base of lower lip piece slightly pilose, tube short, 2-2.5 mm long, throat oblique bell, crown canopy nearly two lip, upper lip emarginated, lower lip 3 crack, lobes larger, lateral lobes approximation with the upper lip. Stamens 4, a few don't stretch out, the former for a bit long, distinct, raw throat, filaments flat, anther 2 room, room is parallel, then bent slightly bent or extremely; Pistil 1, ovary 4 crack, style basal raw, stigma 2 chamber; The front faceplate in expands; Stigma 2 crack. Fruit calyx 10 mm long. Style apex is equal to 2 shallow crack. The front faceplate is finger expands.

Small nuts, nearly spherical, taupe, diameter 1.5 mm, reticulate. Flowering in November 8 -, fruiting 8 to 12 months.

Growth habit

Perilla adaptability is very strong, the soil is relaxed, good drainage and glue on the sandy loam, loam, loam, and behind the house river bank juggle, fertile soil cultivation, growth is good. Previous to vegetable crop as well. The fruit trees can grow under the young forest.

Harvesting and processing

Perilla should choose sunny harvest harvested, the aroma, easy dry, purple Perilla leaf drugs shall be in late July to early August, when the Perilla not flower.

Perilla terrier: early September before flowering, inflorescence just grow when collecting, cut off from the root, with a sickle plant hangs on ventilation shady place to dry, dry the leaves after laying a medicinal.

Perilla: in late September to October in the middle of the seed when ripe fruit harvest. Grain or the whole plant, cutting into small, bask in a few days later, take off the dry seeds, producing 1125-1500 kg/ha.

In seed varieties at the same time pay attention to select and remain. Select growth robust, high yield of plants, seed fully mature until after the harvest, drying threshing, as a kind of use.

Prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests

Spot blight

From June to harvest has occurred, harm the leaves. The early onset in leaves of various sizes, shapes small brown or dark brown spots, later developed into a nearly round or polygonal spot of a serious illness, 0.2 2.5 cm in diameter. Disease spot on the purple leaf appearance is not obvious, more sharp on the green foliage. Often formed after disease spot dry holes, serious when disease spot rendezvous, leaves fall off. In high temperature and high humidity, sunshine and grow too close, poor ventilation pervious to light conditions, more easily.

Method of prevention and cure:

(1) from the disease-free plant seed.

(2) pay attention to the field drainage, clear in time the channel.

(3) avoid planting.

(4) control: in early onset, with 80% wettability zineb o 80 times liquid, or spray 1:1:20 0 bordeaux mixture. Once every seven days, even the spray 2-3 times. Half a month before harvesting, however, you should stop spraying, to ensure that the medicinal materials without pesticides.

starscream

Basil leaves. Six to eight months when the weather is drought, high temperature and low humidity in the most. Starscream adult small, generally to orange, yellow sometimes. Starscream gathered sucking juice on the underside of the leaves, be harmful initially appear yellowish-white small spot, then in foliar visible large tan focal spot, expanded, all the leaves yellow green, common leaves fall off.

Method of prevention and cure:

(1) to collect the field leaves at harvest, centralized burning; Early spring clean shelf-space, river bank, and the roadside weeds.

(2) the occurrence period of early 2000 times with 40% rogor emulsion liquid spray. But for half a month before harvesting to stop spraying, to ensure that no residues on the medicinal materials.

Silver lines the moth

7-9 month larvae harm Perilla, leaves the bite into holes or incision, instar larvae thin silk cocoon pupate in plants.

Method of prevention and cure: use 90% crystal dipterex 1000 times liquid spray.

The main value

nutrition

Basil commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in China, while the Japanese used for cooking, especially when eating raw fish is indispensable accompaniment, the minority regions in China is also useful to it as a vegetable or into the tea. Purple Perilla leaf also called Sue, have nourish qi, cold and stomach function, attending chill cold, cough, chest abdominal distension full, nausea and vomiting, etc. Also called Perilla seeds, have a cough and asthma, social function of sputum. Perilla grass can distill all Perilla oil, seed oil is also called the Perilla oil, long-term consumption of Perilla oil has obvious curative effect on treatment of coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.

Perilla planting in China about 2000 years of history, li shizhen of the Ming dynasty was documented: "purple Perilla leaf, nun and height of shavings, or salt and mei halide Zu very fresh, the summer months for cooked soup to drink", visible Perilla is common in the Chinese diet. Chinese cooked in Perilla variety of dishes, Chang Zuo eat crabs, fish cooked dishes including Perilla dry fish, basil, ducks, basil, su river salt paste cakes, Perilla lily Fried mutton, copper basin Perilla steamed milk and sheep, etc. In addition, in the south, in the pickle jar in a purple Perilla leaf or stem, can prevent the pickle liquid produced in white.

South Korean Perilla varieties of blade is larger than Japan's blue Sue, more and more smooth, and sawtooth is relatively close, one side is purple, one side is green. South koreans use Perilla kimchi, basically in south Korean goods in stores all over the world have Perilla kimchi canned sales, in this kind of canned, every two pieces of purple Perilla leaf wrapped in a red peppers. Fresh purple Perilla leaf can be used to make a salad. Perilla used in meat food condiment, is also used to make basil sesame salt. Korean barbecue in eating habits match with fresh chili or purple Perilla leaves, while South Korea people raised a hot wave of using Perilla leaf filling calcium, because purple Perilla is rich in calcium.

Vietnamese used in stews and adding Perilla leaf, cooking or put purple Perilla as ornaments on rice in Vietnam. They are using Perilla varieties leaves a red with green, one side is purple, aroma is more strong than Japan Perilla varieties.

medical

Perilla can sweat to nourish the cold evil, and in the wide, qi and resolve depression anti-nausea, reason for cold symptoms and chest and see vomiting, use this product, is very suitable for; Poor or without symptoms and symptoms, also can be used for XuanTong. Such as, in ageratum, dried tangerine or orange peel, nourish and resolve depression wide chest pinellia and magnolia bark.

Used for cold wind chill: Perilla can form cold, strong sweating force, used for cold symptoms, see evil cold, fever, without the disease such as sweat, often with ginger with use; Same time and qi stagnation, and the table has been with incense, dried tangerine or orange peel to use.

Is used in the bosom is frowsty, ou evil disease such as: basil to spleen and stomach and qi stagnation, bosom frowsty, ou evil, no matter with or without symptoms, can be applied, is take the role of the adults gas wide, clinical often and compatibility of ageratum applications.

"Alias" Sue, Sue leaf, nori "medicinal part.

For the labiatae plants knit Perilla, pointed Perilla leaf.

【 composition 】

Knit Perilla whole grass contains about 0.5% of the essential oil, containing about 55% Perilla aldehyde, left-handed limonene 20 ~ 30% and a small amount of alpha pinene. Also contains arginine and low acid, cornflower, 3 - (6 - of coumaric acyl - beta - D - glucose glucoside) 5 - beta - D - glucose glucoside. Again, the leaf's volatile oil contains different Perilla ketene, etc. Perilla entire grass containing volatile oil, containing iso-amyl - 3 - furan ketone, Perilla aldehyde, alpha and beta pinene, d - limonene, l - linalool, camphene, menthol, mint, Perilla alcohol ketone, dihydrogen Perilla alcohol, clove oil, phenol.

【 function attending 】

Published, cold, and qi, and the camp. A cold cold, bad cold fever, cough, asthma, chest and abdominal distension full, quickening. And can fish crab detoxification.

Used for cold cold and heat evil cold, stuffy nose, headache and cough or chest tightness is not easy. This product can scatter table cold, releasing lungs gas, can be Shared with ginger. Have a cough, often compatibility of almond, hu before, etc., such as apricot Sue; If both qi and chest tightness, compatibility and attached, dried tangerine or orange peel, etc., such as su. Used in the spleen and stomach and qi stagnation, bosom frowsty, vomiting of the card. This product line of gas in the wide, and stomach anti-nausea effect. Slants cold, each with with it, Partial fever, can be Shared with coptis chinensis. Partial and sputum knot, often Shared with pinellia and magnolia bark. And vomiting for pregnancy, chest tightness, full compatibility with dried tangerine or orange peel, amomum villosum, to strengthen its anti-nausea, the effect of the fetus. Used for eating fish crab caused by abdominal pain, children, or combine with ginger, angelica decoction.

(1) "don't record" : "under the main gas, in addition to the cold."

(2) meng agreeable freedom: "in addition to the fever, for air conditioning."

(3) the solar corona material medica son: "fill in yiqi. Heart abdominal distension full, stop cholera twitch, appetizing food, and all air conditioning (treated), check beriberi."

(4) figure by "compendium" : "heart sutra, good taste."

(5) fulfillment of the crags of materia medica ":" stop Jin Chuang bleeding; cure haemorrhoids, decoct soup to wash."

6 "south yunnan medica" : "sweating, cold headache, eliminating phlegm, shout out."

7 "of materia medica", "line width, letting the lungs phlegm, and blood, temperature, pain, anti-asthma, Ann."

Was Ben on the original ":" can come loose veins of evil."

【 usage and dosage 】

Internal: decoct soup, 2 ~ 3 money. External use: dao fu or Fried washed.

[there.

(1) to treat a cold fever: Sue leaf, windproof, rhizoma ligustici wallichii each one money five points, dried tangerine or orange peel a money, liquorice six points. Add two slices ginger decoction. (don't know medical need Sue Ye Shang)

(2) treat pawns on the cold air: dry su leaf 3 two, four two orange peel, Chen wine four liters take a liter and a half cooked, divided into clothing. (fill a vacancy elbow rear)

(3) your cough inverse shortness of breath, Perilla leaf (file) one or two, two mixed. In two flavours, thick mash screen, each serving three money Bi, a light, water frying to seven points, to the chamber, temperature, day again. (the holy dhi total recorded "basil soup)

(4) to treat typhoid Wa: more than red Sue, three litres of water, cook for 2 litres, drink a little. (fill a vacancy elbow rear)

(5) to treat TaiQi feud, gather together confidant, bloated with pain, "the son of suspension: big belly skin and rhizoma chuanxiong, radix paeoniae alba, dried tangerine or orange peel (white), purple Perilla, angelica (reed, wine soaked) one or two, ginseng, liquorice (main) half two. On fine cut, take four money, each one and a half of water, and five pieces of ginger, scallion seven inches, till seven points, hollow warm clothing. (dhi raw party Perilla drink)

6. Treat breast carbuncle sore: Perilla Fried Shang Pin suits, and seal the of dao. (the sea XianFang)

All landowners treat Jin Chuang hemorrhage: purple Perilla leaf, mulberry leaf, with the dao posted. (" always kind of eagle party ")

Today put Dian flapping of hurt: basil dao fu, wound from us. (" talk about wild weng test party ")

Pet-name ruby cure snake bitter hurt: purple Perilla leaf juice drink. (the daughter)

Attending put to eat crab poisoning: basil boil juice drink. (the golden chamber)

⑾ cold diarrhea purple Perilla leaf 15 grams, water decoction plus 6 grams of brown sugar and blunt.

Solutions for fish, turtle poisoning: purple Perilla leaf 60 grams, when tea concentrated juice, or add ginger 10 drops.

[13] uterine prolapse: purple Perilla leaf 60 grams, decoct soup fumigation.

"Clinical application of"

(1) the treatment of chronic bronchitis

From dried su leaf with a small amount of dried ginger (10:1), made from 25% Sue solution. To be taken every morning and evening each, each 100 ml, 10 days for a course of treatment. Two period of treatment 3 days apart. Observed in 552 cases, recent control after four treatment 62 cases (11.2%, 150 cases were markedly improved (27.2%), 213 cases were improved (38.6%, 127 cases (23%). The simple type (434 cases) and the breathing type similar curative effect. For cough, asthma, sputum three disease have certain curative effect. The medicine reflect most of the patients increased appetite, some patients from quiet sleep, the heart ease, individual cases diuretic effect, swelling subsided. Only individual patients dry mouth, reduce side effects such as saliva, generally are mild, it is too short, don't have to deal with, can disappear.

(2) to treat verruca vulgaris

Warts surrounding skin disinfection (wart body can be replaced in leather cut), take a wash of bright purple Perilla leaf friction warts, 10 ~ 15 minutes each time, dressing dress, 1 times a day. Treatment of 20 cases, all the more friction 2 ~ 6 times in a row.

Avoid [appropriate]

Warm disease do not taken and the weak.

(1) "huang shu", "disease belong to Yin deficiency, cold and headache for fever or evil, not to vote, to disease should be gathered and well fill also. Fire up also shoulds not be sick."

(2) "Ben tong xuan" : "people the true qi long suit."