Theory for medicine applied amount of multiple factors

Source: China's traditional Chinese medicine

Author: Wu Di YunXueLin

Herbal, generally to answer two questions, one is to choose what kind of medicine, the second is medicinal amount every taste. As each herbs medicine is determined, the dose of become the key factors influencing the effect of prescriptions. How to choose (really) on the dosage of Chinese medicine, can realize the best and largest effect of drug adverse reaction and the least? Through regulation of traditional Chinese medicine dose generally have the () of patients, medical quantity, (season and region) for the quantity, because of the (etiology, pathogenesis, disease, even), shi (party), such as quantity principle for medicine. The so-called because of factors like medicine applied quantity is according to the drug itself and determine the dose. Because of drug quantity as one of the most important aspects of the control dose, shi quantity is to consider the traditional Chinese medicine quality, texture and flavor, toxic nontoxic and compatibility, dosage form, the purpose and usage, and other factors.

Choose dosage on the quality

What quality is to point to contain substances. Quality more (Chinese medicine yinpian) refers to the (and) how many of the ingredients, which contains composition is the material basis for the efficacy, so the quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the precondition of curative effect. Traditional Chinese medicine as a natural product, its quality and variety, producing area, collecting, processing, storage and other factors closely related to traditional Chinese medicine quality good and bad are intermingled, clinically often qualitative good dosage should be few, the appropriate dosage of low quality. If there is the general appellation of rhubarb in the traditional Chinese medicine, has flooded with attack product, reducing gas, cholagogue liver back yellow, qingrejiedu, purging fire is cool, hemostatic invigorate the circulation of blood and water swelling effect and so on. Rhubarb as the application has a long history and one of the commonly used clinical drugs, their big bearing gas soup in the treatise on febrile disease in its dosage is 4 two, according to "zhang zhongjing each other medicine measurement can only use the eastern han dynasty adopted" convert to the metric system, dosage of rhubarb for 13.8 g * 4 = 55.2 g; In the theory of plague of large dosage of gas bearing in rhubarb soup is only 5 money, conversion metric for 3.69 g * 5 = 18.45 g. Analysis is one of the reasons used by zhang zhongjing rhubarb and rhubarb quality caused by different varieties used in the qing dynasty. Modern pharmacological research also indicated that from the point of median effective dose, rhubarb and rhubarb quality goods is unoriginal concentration-response vary widely.

Selection of quality of a material consumption

It refers to the weight of the medicinal materials, hard and soft, strong, osteoporosis, density, viscosity, powder, oil moisten, cutin, cotton, wood, size and other characteristics. Under normal circumstances, the dosage of light light, heavy dosage. Why is this? Trivia, stem leaf plants, such as safflower, chrysanthemum, inula flowers, bulrush, such as quality of a material is lighter, because of the chemical composition of the solution, easily absorbed, so the appropriate light light; Texture of heavy minerals, roots of plants, animals, shells, bones, such as medicine, because it is not easy decoction and absorb slowly, so heavy is heavy. And between the two is the fruit of plants, root bark. Along with the social development, the emergence of the slices cooked powder, superfine powder, because its drug particle size smaller, easy Fried out and fully effective ingredients, dosage is also reduced. In addition, the drugs sold more dry, due to high water content, low active ingredients, so sold amount is large, avoiding usage.

The dosage of sexual flavour thickness selection

Said smell of thickness, the essence of which is derived by the theory of Chinese medicine smell, is the ancient doctor tries to explore the medicinal smell from microscopic, with thick and thin to illustrate the odour characteristics, will be thick, thin as a symbol of measuring odor intensity, further stated the smell there is strength between partial features. Generally speaking, the medicinal properties of weak weak, liping, taste or milder, dosage can be heavy (large), such as reed rhizome, rhizoma imperatae, etc; , intense and strong sex, force or effect is relatively strong, such as euphorbia kansui, croton, dosage, appropriate light (small).

Due to the toxic non-toxic dosage of choice

Toxic and nontoxic is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine medicinal theory, has an important guidance for clinical medication. Non-toxic or less toxicity, dosage of change can be larger; Toxicity of toxic drugs, especially a strong dosage should be smaller. Such as monkshood, nux vomica, croton, the sex is extremely toxic, dosage of too many side effects, and even poisoning, should begin from small doses, when used according to the condition changes, increase or decrease dosage must be strictly controlled in the degree of safety. In addition because of their easy lost taste of drugs, dosage should be small not big, too.

Because of the fine material or not choose dosage

Fine material medicine refers to the small dosage, high curative effect and specific and high drug price, and common medicine. Ginseng, deer antler, ginseng, saffron, hippocampus, and other fine Chinese caterpillar fungus medicine should be small, for some special therapeutic effect of dosage of medicine such as musk, bezoar, asarum also shoulds not be too much. And function normally, price cheap Chinese medicine such as motherwort, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, etc can be appropriately.

The purpose for choice

Because of the effect of different or therapeutic purposes, should choose different doses. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contains a variety of ingredients, and many kinds of composition content is not the same, reaches a certain biological activity threshold is not consistent, so in a dose, not all components of biological activity may be present. Content more or strong biological activity, biological activity threshold is low, may in small doses; Little content or biological activity is weak, high biological activity threshold, perhaps only in large doses can show its unique role. Plus some role in quantitative change to qualitative change, even if the same composition, different doses of class, is also likely to show different effect. Such as betel nut to eliminate product, gas, water, commonly used dose of 6 ~ 15 g; But to kill fasciolopsis buski, tapeworm, dosage of 60 ~ 120 g. Again like datura flower, like to cough and asthma or pain, generally only 0.3 ~ 0.6 g, the daily amount of not more than 1.5 grams, but if use for drugs available to 20 grams. Even the use of drugs of the same effect, probably because the purpose and different using different doses. , such as diarrhea remedy to the case semen pharbitidis lee Gao its "then move bowels, less is more" water. Therefore, semen pharbitidis to purge lead lag, the appropriate dosage of light; If to completed by water, the dosage should be heavy.

Because of the dosage of choice

Processing refers to the medicine through net system, cutting system, main processing, made a certain specification of yinpian, is the necessary process before Chinese medicine application. Processing can not only to miscellaneous, attenuated, efficiency, but also can add or change the original function. Therefore, should not only know the processing to effect change, to know more about the impact on the dose. Such as rhizoma corydalis, its dosage range of 5 ~ 10 grams, vinegar acesodyne after system enhancements, clinical use, refluxing yanhusuo dose should be smaller. Again such as radix aconiti, kusnezoff monkshood root, after processing the toxicity is reduced greatly, its usage is raw product dosage larger.

Because of the compatibility of the formulas dosage of choice

Compatibility refers to the destination will be two or more than two flavor medicines cooperate with you. Due to compatibility effect level change has the following several kinds: one is the drug of single application, dosage is larger; When it is applied into the compound, the appropriate dosage is small. Two is in the prescription, should take the drug status and quantitative, family (jun) drug dosage can be as big, do auxiliary (minister, adjuvant, make) drug dosage should be light. Radix paeoniae alba, for example, in cassia twig decoction, cassia twig is given priority to medicine, radix paeoniae alba is complementary, radix paeoniae alba with 3 two; Tracey in soup, radix paeoniae alba, cassia twig is complementary, radix paeoniae alba with wine Fried 6 two. Again, such as magnolia bark, in small bearing gas soup as an official medicine, its dosage is 2, while in three things decoction for the medicine, the dosage of 8 two. 3 it is in a formula, sometimes relative dose of the medicinal significance than absolute dose the medicinal properties of deeper meaning. The dose of medicine is often change by another dose of medicine, this kind of phenomenon is especially apparent in the medicine for, as the children, pills for this, definite, and so on. Four is based on how much the size of the prescription or ingredients selected dosage, the tang dynasty compared with modern one dose, total volume were similar, but the modern Chinese medicine prescription number of ingredients are significantly higher than most of the platform and the secret to outside one number of ingredients, and single dosage significantly less than the platform and the secret to outside, the dosage of the single herbs. This suggests that the ingredients, dosage is often small, ingredients, dosage is larger. To be sure, the ingredients (up) the same, doses due to the change of situation, does not belong to for medicine amount, do not discuss here.

The dosage of selection of dosage forms

Dosage form is the form of drug application. The same prescription of different dosage forms, because the process or material can lead to effective component content and dissolution rate differences. Formulations of dose effect, mainly reflected on the used one measure (each). Has a tendency to according to the condition will be one of traditional Chinese medicine clinical course changed to a pill, powder, Fried, paste, and so on and so forth. How to determine when the dosage formulations transformation? Generally for one dosage the biggest, cooked powder dosage, dosage of pills, creams, Dan is minimal. Because "soup, swinging also", to the sudden illness, moreover most of the drugs for medicinal broth, because of its effective components cannot be completely dissolved, so the dosage. "Pills, slow also", but slowly figure, so the amount is small.

Because of taking dosage of method selection

Taking the method of traditional Chinese medicine is varied, the medicine method determines the amount of each medication and the total amount of medication, but also affects the dose of the formulas. Like a dose of medicine, several times frequency especially apply some severe toxicity drugs, such as the nux vomica, one measure each time is only 0.3 ~ 0.6 grams, or some critically ill, such as vomiting, gastric paralysis small frequency suit for many times, this kind of medicine method also has the meaning of reagent, and ensures the high blood drug concentration. Again like prescription drug doses, but internal and multiple doses a day, one measure total relatively larger. Such as cassia twig decoction, "critically ill, and a day and a night, weeks of. Take one agent, disease, in more. As if the sweat out, is to two or three doses." This method more medication in nourish the agent, the purpose lies in the concentration of frustration is drug, once remove seven or eight, namely to reduce or stop the medicine, so clinical should consider the possibility of a multiple doses a day, watch every agent dosage.

Many factors influencing the doses of the regulation, this article only discusses because of drugs should be considered when shi of ten factors, also illustrates one aspect of the traditional Chinese medicine dose control difficulty. Solve Chinese medicine dose not preach the secret, but also solve many problems.

(this paper carries the prescription treatment, please use under guidance of physician)