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Traditional Chinese medicine textbooks go into primary and middle schools: traditional culture should be examined scientifically

2017年09月17日

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Traditional Chinese medicine textbooks go into primary and middle schools: traditional culture should be examined scientifically

September 17, 2017 thepaper.cn


      A nationwide initiative to launch TCM and health in fifth grade in zhejiang province has sparked heated debate. One of the focal points of the discussion is whether Chinese medicine can convey "the value and spirit of science". The author believes that it may not be scientific and harmful to the cause of education.

      "Traditional Chinese medicine" is actually ancient Chinese medicine

      And he said, it shall be by name. If we make a mistake about the meaning of a noun, we may be talking about a pseudo problem. In the words "TCM" and "western medicine", most people are confused. "Traditional Chinese medicine" means "ancient Chinese medicine", which corresponds to ancient medical knowledge of other nationalities, such as "western ancient medicine". And what we call "western medicine" is actually the incoming since modern times and the development of "modern medicine", first developed in Europe and to completely replace the ancient "western medicine", on the basis of modern science and technology of a discipline.

      Whichever nation which culture of "ancient medicine" is based on the understanding of the world, so there are a lot of misunderstanding and even superstitious, and the levels of these errors are similar. In other words, "ancient Chinese medicine" and "western ancient medicine" are the twin brothers of the spirit. Prior to the emergence of modern science, China and the west had a very low level of understanding of the world and a very similar understanding of the human body. For example, the huangdi neijing suggests that tears and runny noses are leaking from the brain. The Chinese ancient book "su asked" thought "the god of the heart", believed that the heart dominates all thoughts, emotions and thoughts of people. Similarly, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle also argued that the heart was the place of intelligence, because he thought that the voice of reason came from the chest, not the head.

      What we call "western medicine", or modern medicine, is that western traditional medicine, by denying itself and renewing itself, has been transformed by the scientific revolution. Especially the French scientist Pasteur in the 1860 s and German scientists Koch confirmed microbial pathogens is the root cause of the disease, which has been passed down from ancient diseases occur naturally point - that alone much of the content of ancient Chinese and western medicine is negated. Long-standing "quack" phenomenon in ancient China, it is not a "quack" itself, but rather "ancient medicine" age level of doctors around the world are so low, the average life expectancy is the same as the Chinese and western ancient, is only 30 years old, even ancient as the monarch, the prince and princess are most failed to adulthood.

      Modern medicine has a great influence on our lives and our lives. The popularization of modern public health causes the improvement of environmental hygiene and improves people's life span. Drink hot water for the Chinese, "" the habit, it is the result of the popularization of public health, boil the water before drinking (the so-called" cold boiled water "), rather than directly to drink river even contains a lot of pathogens of natural water puddles, avoided the occurrence of many diseases.

      The revival and innovation of western medicine began with anatomy. For the understanding of human organs, ancient and eastern medicine has its own advantages and disadvantages. The Greek physician galen once described the liver as five leaves, because what he saw was a dog's liver. The Chinese ancient book "the book of difficulties" explicitly records "the only two leaves of the liver", which is consistent with the description of modern anatomy. West from the ancient times until the middle ages, also do not take the anatomy for a long time, even some boycott of anatomy, medical school in ancient classics as the golden rule, structure of the description of the error to the human body according to the order, some doctors even think that the human body structure distortion happened since ancient times. During the Renaissance, medical scientist visaari told his students that the lessons learned at the butcher's shop were more than they had learned from self-righteous professors, because they never dissected bodies.

      In 1543, visaari published his famous book, "the structure of the human body," in which Copernicus published the theory of the theory of the astrology, which also revolutionized astronomy and medicine. Body in China, the qing dynasty medical Wang Qingren through observation, found that the previous texts about discourse of human viscera "speaking everywhere paradox", and then carefully observe yizhong exposed body and the internal organs of the victim, also do experiments on animals, consult, written in 1830 published book cure a wood correction, become China's medical anatomy of a big achievement. "Cheng is a bold revolutionary of Chinese medicine," he said. "he has a scientific spirit."

      However, wang's "correction" was attacked by many famous doctors. Face of the ancient structure and function of human body organs, the major invented a kind of rhetoric, said "TCM zang-fu organs is not anatomical zang-fu organs", known as the "kidney is not kidney doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine liver is not", it completely ignored the huangdi neijing "ReFu eight feet, flesh here, outside the measurable cycle, obtained by cutting the dead can dissect and see it", and "element asked" on the bones, length, weight, volume of the anatomy of the zang-fu organs.

Visible, "western medicine" and "modern Chinese", the same can be said to be the starting line of traditional Chinese medicine is not a "correction", just as most practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine can not face up to the history of our ancestors error, for the worship of ancient complex didn't dare to correct mistakes. Modern medicine based on scientific development, and scientific development is an important premise, is to admit before the understanding of the world is not perfect, even there may be a serious mistake. The scientists published their paper precisely to get their colleagues to test independently, pointing out possible errors and finding out the truth.

      Traditional Chinese medicine should be examined scientifically

      Many claim to defend traditional Chinese medicine of traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional culture, is a humanistic care, the basic theory of TCM is "Yin and Yang five lines of" Chinese philosophy, is not the same as the western medicine system, it is a kind of wrong understanding. In ancient China, the theory of Yin and Yang was popular, and natural medicine was deeply affected. As in the "su q" cloud: "I would like to observe the Yin and Yang in order to make it flat." It is believed that the imbalance of Yin and Yang is the basic cause of disease. Wuxing is the movement of five basic substances: wood, fire, earth, gold and water. Five, five inner parts, with the five elements of traditional Chinese medicine attachment facial features, five tastes, feelings, etc., cure means is hoping to find drugs corresponding nature of Yin and Yang five elements, through a variety of ingredients with the balance of Yin and Yang five lines of recovery.

      Interestingly, western medicine and philosophy also have the same phenomenon. Greek philosophy that our world is made up of soil, water, air, fire, consisting of four elements, and the matching in the human body have four kinds of fluids (black bile, blood, yellow bile, and mucus), the four kinds of fluids decided the person's character and health status, when the balance of the four fluids, human body disease occurs. Can say this period between east and west to the understanding of the human body and is on the same level, because at this time the east and the west's perception of the material origin the same, just five lines or four elements (5 or 4 kinds), and they all think this reciprocal transformation happens between the several basic composition and function (that is, the so-called based).

      Philosophy is one of the foundations of science. The development of science gradually found that the constituent parts of the world, is not five lines or four elements, but hydrogen, helium lithium beryllium, boron and nitrogen oxygen modern "periodic table" replaced the ancient shallow and the wrong cognition. Of course, both the Yin and Yang and the four elements are ancient people's exploration of the material origin of the world, the leap and achievement of ancient philosophical understanding. However, it is not philosophic cognition if you are always keeping a tight end.

      There is also a view that although traditional Chinese medicine has many mistakes in the understanding of the human body, TCM has a brilliant "holistic thinking". However, if the basic anatomical structure is not clear, what is the whole understanding? Because of the development of Chinese ancient philosophy long-term stagnation, lack of self-renewal ability, although someone realized that Yin and Yang five lines of division is unreasonable shao yung (such as the northern song dynasty that "wood" can not be with the other four columns), but because of the lack of necessary means of cognition, failed to update completely, the stagnation of the development of traditional Chinese medicine is also understandable. Compared to the generation of modern medical history, if can produce in the history of Chinese modern science, "the ancient Chinese medical will update, grow into" modern medicine ", but not through and rewrite history.

      No matter which kind of medicine, the purpose is to cure the disease, this idea ancient and modern Chinese and foreign are necessarily consistent, ancient and modern Chinese and foreign great medical scientist will be respected by people. But we know from ancient lore that medicine is not the same as other cultures. For example, the legend "shen nong tastes a hundred grasses, one day with seventy-two poison", the word "poison" is according to today's understanding is "toxic side effect". With the development of modern medicine, medicine requires every drug to be as clear as possible about its toxic side effects, which is to take taboos, which can be seen in the packaging and instruction of each drug. But awkwardly, most of the instructions for the Chinese medicine are written in this column. "the side effects are not clear." Has also been touted as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is derived from natural plants and animals, non-toxic, can this statement is clearly with "shen nong tasted grass bouquet, poison in seventy-two in a day", the notion of "like cures like" paradoxical.

      The ancient Chinese scholar had a traditional saying, "it is not good, it is good medicine". A joke recorded in the book of the joke was ridiculed: "first, three years; After the study, the school field sent one arrow, the Chinese officials, out of each other; Then he studied medicine. A cure, a pawn." The ancients also knew that medicine should not be eaten indiscriminate. In recent years, Chinese medicine management departments and researchers have published the catalogue of "toxic Chinese medicine" and Chinese medicine (such as "toxicology of Chinese medicine"). On August 31, the state administration of food and drug administration first made clear that neonatal, infant and young children were forbidden to have yellow and yellow, which are valuable advances. But in the process of popularization of traditional Chinese medicine, to a large number of "side effects is unclear" medicinal prescription to middle and primary school classroom, some courses also require teenagers personally taste the medicine, this reckless behavior is likely to be formed a threat to the health of children.

      To sum up, "traditional Chinese medicine" "western medicine" is not a natural distinction, but a different time difference between Chinese and western historical development paths. No matter where medical knowledge comes from or when, we should look at it scientifically and measure it scientifically. Modern Chinese medicine should abandon the "chonggu complex", and bravely abandon the old mistakes and integrate into the modern medical trend to achieve great development. From the perspective of inheriting traditional culture, we should view traditional culture with scientific spirit and carry forward the useful and excellent components. From the point of view of education, and the service for human beings, all knowledge is, we need to figure out the part of right and wrong, rather than blindly without fully examining the ancient knowledge, along with the error of the elders galloped to teach also lack recognition abilities in young children.